CWN#11: The best Chinese short fiction of 2025

A winter special edition

Welcome back to the Cold Window Newsletter. I’ve always wished that someone would write an English guide to the best Chinese writing of the year. Now, I get to be the one to do it. Since the beginning of last year, I’ve been on a quest to read every new short fiction collection published in China in 2025.¹ I’m finished, and I’m ready to share.

I maxed out my library card for this post. Didn’t even know I could do that.

Special: The year in new Chinese fiction

I like to focus on short stories not just because they’re an easy way for a non-native reader of Chinese to experience as many voices as possible, but also because reading short fiction is, pretty definitively, the best way to get your finger on the pulse of cutting-edge writing in China. Even more than in the Anglosphere, young Chinese writers nearly always stick to publishing short stories during the first phase of their career, slowly building up enough of a reputation to produce a full-length novel later on. Older authors write short fiction too, of course. But the best stuff consistently comes from the younger generation, because they’re the ones with the drive to experiment with form, prod the boundaries of what can be written about, and secure their place in the next incarnation of Chinese literature.

If you’re a reader of Chinese, or a translator or publisher interested in getting good stories in front of more readers, I hope the value of this list is self-apparent. But let me briefly make the case for why it’s worthwhile to pay attention to Chinese fiction even if you don’t usually keep up with contemporary literature. Chinese intellectual culture is driven by a vast, cosmopolitan, mostly urban, mostly young community of readers, writers, and artists. They have strong opinions about the state of Chinese society and the world, and they’ll always express those opinions, heedless of the invariably clumsy top-down efforts to rein them in. The Douban lists I covered two weeks ago are one reflection—skewed and oblique though it may be—of how Chinese intellectuals view the world. But their worldview is expressed much more directly through stories. All that’s left is for us to listen.

Dissecting the Douban Best Books of 2025 lists

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My takeaways from a year of reading:

• One genre that I rarely feel impressed by anymore is the kind of grandiose, working-class fiction that big-name authors like Mo Yan and Yu Hua were known for thirty years ago. Stories in this genre still win most official Chinese literary awards and get wide translated releases by international publishers, but they haven’t actually been the best stories produced in China for a long time.

• What is the best, or rather the most to my taste, falls largely into two categories. First, socially engaged, extremely contemporary realist fiction by and about the current younger generation of urban dwellers, often with a light speculative element. And second, proudly weird, old-school avant-garde fiction, often by slightly older authors who came of age in the 1990s and 2000s.

• Few of the writers below rose up through the traditional academic or Writers’ Association 作协 hierarchies; many gathered their earliest fanbases online, through platforms like Douban 豆瓣 and Weibo 微博.

• Like I noted last time, nearly all of the most exciting and impressive literary experimentation in China happens in novellas, a long-neglected story length in English-language publishing.

• Nearly nothing by the authors featured below has ever been published in English translation. I don’t mean just their writing from their past year, I mean everything from their entire careers. That’s a staggering blind spot, and an opportunity. Translate these stories!

• I’ve written before about the current feminist turn in Chinese fiction. But my top three books below are especially attuned to masculinity: female and male authors alike working to determine what it takes to be a man, and a good man, in today’s China.

Below are my top five picks from the second half of the year, followed by an overall list of the ten best collections of 2025. You can find my summer analysis of fiction from the first half of 2025 here:

CWN#8: The best Chinese short fiction of 2025, so far

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5. 李唐《神的游戏》 (Godly Games by Li Tang)

Li Tang is a cerebral writer, with a love of carefully composed, somewhat aloof plots and a self-acknowledged debt to Bolaño—but none of this is particularly uncommon on the Chinese fiction circuit these days. What sets Li apart for me, particularly in his newest collection, is how fluid and welcoming his language is, approachable enough that even a less-than-confident reader of Chinese will feel propelled toward the final page. The collection moves from more grounded stories in its first half toward gradually more imaginative and fantastical pieces in the second. Thanks to that welcoming writing style, even a more out-there piece like 《等待》“Waiting” (about a lonely young man from a broken home who develops an obsession with aliens) feels emotionally accessible and lighter than air.

Li Tang 李唐
Born 1992
Paper Republic

Recommended story in Chinese: 《等待》(excerpt)

Available in English: “The Lost Deer” (read online)

Li Tang‘s fiction has been published in literary journals including Harvest, October, and People’s Literature. He is the recipient of the October Literature Prize and the Zijin-People’s Literature Fiction Prize, and he has been cited on the Southern Literature Gala Most Promising Newcomers of the Year and the Huadi Literature Awards Cutting-Edge Literary Works lists, among others.

4. 赵松《等下雪》 (Waiting for Snow by Zhao Song)

I feel like I should explain that the ugly flat gray rectangle above is actually reflective and off-white on the physical edition, a beautiful interpretation of the collection’s title that makes it one of my favorite book covers of 2025.

Zhao Song is the oldest author on my top ten, and although it’s only by a few years, his fiction feels old-school experimental in the best way. Last time I sang his praises, I wrote that his fiction reminds me of Paul Simon: you might not understand the lyrics, but you feel their warmth and you feel what they’re supposed to mean.《葬礼》 “Funeral Rites,” one of the shortest stories in this collection, is the best encapsulation I’ve yet seen of how much Zhao can accomplish with how little. We know next to nothing about the old friends who meet up at the funeral of a former colleague, but there’s so much weight to their laconic conversation—one of them determined to dredge up the past, the other determined to leave it buried—that their history feels as complex as an unwritten novel.

Zhao Song 赵松
Born 1972
Paper Republic

Recommended story in Chinese: 《葬礼》(excerpt)

Available in English: “Neighbor” (full story); 2008 profile

CWN#5: Ode to Spittoon // Return to Dongbei

3. 班宇《白象》 (White Elephant by Ban Yu)

What can I say? I’ve written extensively about why Ban Yu is one of my favorite authors, and in particularly one of my favorite prose stylists, in any language. He’s continuing to mature in his fourth collection, and the prizewinning centerpiece 《飞鸟与地下》 “The Bird and Underground” especially feels like a turn toward more introspective, mysterious, almost mystical writing. But my favorite piece here is 《白象》 “White Elephant,” because it’s classic Ban Yu. Give me dying fathers struggling to express their love to their sons, give me emotionally adrift young men having sudden epiphanies in bed with their bemused girlfriends, give me decades-old feuds resurfacing against the backdrop of postindustrial Shenyang. Nobody does it better than him.

Ban Yu 班宇
Born 1986
Paper Republic

Recommended story in Chinese: 《飞鸟与地下》(excerpt)

Available in English: “District Champ” 《铁西冠军》(full story); “Winter Swimming” 《冬泳》(full story); “Take Me Out to the Ball Game” 《肃杀》(excerpt & purchase)

CWN#2: Newly translated horror // Dongbei Renaissance, part 1

2. 辽京《在苹果树上》 (On the Apple Tree by Liao Jing)

This quartet of linked short stories got unfairly overshadowed when, nearly simultaneous to its publication, the author’s earlier novel 《白露春分》Spring Will Never Fall won this year’s Blancpain-Imaginist Prize. Both books showcase Liao’s deft handling of the stifling ties and unspeakable resentments that can fester in close-knit families. But I think there’s a particular virtuosity to how she achieves this in On the Apple Tree, devoting one story each to the four members of a single household and their private agonies at various points in their lives. It’s an ingenious structure that, like Yu Hua’s Cries in the Drizzle and Aimee Bender’s The Particular Sadness of Lemon Cake, hits you with the unnerving realization that we never really know what’s going on in the minds of others, even our own family.

The stories stand alone but reframe each other when read together. This is especially true for 《我奶奶的故事及其他》 “My Grandmother’s Story and Others,” which ostensibly tells the story of the husband’s early manhood but is really about the forced silence of women in the shadow of men. Early in the story, the narrator depicts his grandmother’s death casually, in the middle of a sentence, as though it’s just a minor detail in the greater tale of his grandfather’s life. But this failure to recognize his grandmother’s subjectivity is the original sin that comes back to haunt him throughout the rest of the story, and, indirectly, the whole book. The most incisive deconstruction of the male point of view that I read all year.

Liao Jing 辽京
Born 1983

Recommended story in Chinese: 《我奶奶的故事及其他》 “My Grandmother’s Story and Others” (read online)

Available in English: “The Apparitions” (read online); blurb of Spring Will Never Fall at China Books Review

Liao Jing is a writer of fiction who has published the novels 《白露春分》 Spring Will Never Fall and 《晚婚》 Late Marriage and the short story collections 《新婚之夜》 Wedding Night, 《有人跳舞》 Someone Is Dancing, and 《在苹果树上》 On the Apple Tree. She received the 2025 Blancpain-Imaginist Literature Prize.

1. 陈思安《穿行》 (Traversing by Chen Si’an)

I’ve never gotten to see one of Chen Si’an’s theatrical works—they’re widely acclaimed and have been performed all over Asia and in the UK—but, last month, I did get to enjoy her new novella collection in the best possible format: in a black-box theater in Beijing, dramatically recited by a group of professional actors. Chen’s characters are bursting with personality, practically begging a skillful actor (or reader) to come along and bring them to life.

There was no better testament to the sheer pleasure of reading fiction in the second half of this year than Traversing. Whereas the majority of young literary writers in China seem to value plot somewhat less than introspection and social commentary, Chen is in the business, above all, of telling a good story. Her plots are funny and heartfelt and bold all at once, whether they’re about a young man having an unexpected awakening courtesy of a sardonic drag queen (in 《歌杰斯》 “Gorgeous”) or a headstrong stage actress butting up against her director’s ego and the limitations of artistic expression in China (in 《穿行》 “Traversing”). Leave it to a playwright to concoct the best characters and dialogue of the year.

Chen Si’an 陈思安
Born 1986
Paper Republic

Recommended story in Chinese: 《穿行》(read online)

Available in English: “Ocean Hotpot” (read online); “fù jìn” (read online); “A Counterfeit Life” (purchase); feature on The Translated Chinese Fiction Podcast

Chen Si’an is a playwright, director, translator, and writer of fiction. She is the author of the short-story collections 《穿行》 Traversing; 《体内火焰》 The Flame Within; 《活食》 Eating Alive; 《冒牌人生》 A Counterfeit Life; and 《接下来，我问，你答》 From Now On, I Ask, You Answer. She is the translator of Patti Smith: Collected Lyrics, 1970-2015 and Disgraced & Junk: Two Plays by Ayad Aktar. Her dramatic works include 《请问最近的无障碍厕所在哪里？》 Be Seen (as playwright); 《风雪山神庙》 The Cycle of Fate (book and lyrics); 《凡人之梦》 Dreams of the Ordinary (as playwright and director); 《冒牌人生》 A Counterfeit Life (as playwright); and 《随黄公望游富春山》 Following Huang Gong Wang, Visiting Fuchun Mountains (as director).

My top ten Chinese fiction collections of 2025:

1. 张天翼《人鱼之间》 (Beyond Truth and Tales by Zhang Tianyi)

2. 杜梨《漪》 (The Ripple of Shattered Cuckoo by Du Li)

3. 陈思安《穿行》 (Traversing by Chen Si’an)

4. 辽京《在苹果树上》 (On the Apple Tree by Liao Jing)

5. 班宇《白象》 (White Elephant by Ban Yu)

6. 郭爽《肯定的火》 (Undeniable Fire by Guo Shuang)

7. 赵松《等下雪》 (Waiting for Snow by Zhao Song)

8. 默音《她的生活》 (Her Life by Mo Yin)

9. 李唐《神的游戏》 (Godly Games by Li Tang)

10. 彭剑斌《欣泣集》(Laughter and Tears by Peng Jianbin)²

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Thanks for sticking with this newsletter through 2025. I have a lot of plans for the next few months of this newsletter, including author interviews, guest posts, and a rather ambitious finale to my 13 Ways of Looking at Chinese Internet Fiction series. So stay tuned, and share widely. Wishing you a peaceful start to the new year.

1. Same rules as in my last special edition post from August: I sampled nearly every new fiction collection in China (jumping from piece to piece, not reading front to back). Reluctantly, I had to exclude a small handful of collections, maybe five or six, that I couldn’t get my hands on in time for this post. There was also a somewhat larger handful of works that I allowed myself to skip either because they received a limited print run and were mostly ignored by Chinese readers, or because they received overwhelmingly negative reviews upon release. I feel pretty justified in not reading those, although it might be fun to revisit the latter category someday.

2. Don’t worry, I’ll find a way to write about this collection sometime. Wild book. Actually made me feel insane.